☸ Tibetan Buddhist Glossary

The bardo is the intermediate state between death and rebirth in Tibetan Buddhism. It is described in detail in the Bardo Thodol (Tibetan Book of the Dead) as a period lasting up to 49 days. During this time the consciousness experiences visions and has opportunities to recognise its true nature and attain liberation. Practitioners prepare for the bardo through phowa practice and familiarity with the teachings during their lifetime.

The Bodhi Tree is the sacred tree under which the historical Buddha, Shakyamuni, achieved enlightenment. In Tibetan Buddhism, the Bodhi Tree is often seen as a symbol of enlightenment and is revered as a reminder of the Buddha's attainment. The tree is said to represent the attainment of wisdom and the overcoming of ignorance, and is often depicted in art and literature as a powerful symbol of spiritual growth. By contemplating the Bodhi Tree, practitioners can connect with the Buddha's example and strive to achieve their own enlightenment.

Bodhichitta, or 'awakened heart', refers to the mind of enlightenment, which is characterized by a deep sense of compassion, wisdom, and a desire to benefit all sentient beings. In Tibetan Buddhism, bodhichitta is considered the key to achieving enlightenment, as it allows practitioners to cultivate a sense of unity and interconnectedness with all beings. By developing bodhichitta, practitioners can overcome their own self-centeredness and develop a sense of altruism, which is essential for achieving enlightenment. Bodhichitta is often cultivated through meditation, study, and the practice of the six paramitas.

A Bodhisattva is a being who has developed the mind of enlightenment, or bodhichitta, and is committed to achieving enlightenment for the benefit of all sentient beings. In Tibetan Buddhism, Bodhisattvas are considered to be highly realized beings who have overcome their own self-centeredness and are motivated by a desire to help others. They are often depicted in art and literature as ideal role models, embodying the qualities of compassion, wisdom, and generosity. By following the example of the Bodhisattvas, practitioners can develop their own bodhichitta and strive to become enlightened for the benefit of all.

Bon is an ancient spiritual tradition native to Tibet, which shares many similarities with Tibetan Buddhism. It has its own unique practices, rituals, and deities, and is considered one of the five main spiritual traditions of Tibet. While it is distinct from Tibetan Buddhism, Bon has been influenced by Buddhist teachings and has incorporated some Buddhist principles into its practices. Bon practitioners believe in the importance of ritual, meditation, and the cultivation of wisdom.

In Tibetan Buddhism, a Buddha is a being who has achieved complete enlightenment, or the state of Buddhahood, through the realization of the true nature of reality. This state is characterized by the attainment of wisdom, compassion, and the ability to benefit all sentient beings. The historical Buddha, Siddhartha Gautama, is considered the founder of Buddhism and a model for all Buddhists, while other Buddhas, such as those in the tantric pantheon, are considered manifestations of the enlightened state. Practitioners strive to become like the Buddha by following the path of the Dharma, or the teachings of Buddhism.

Buddha-nature refers to the inherent potential for enlightenment that is present in all sentient beings. It is the natural state of awareness and wisdom that lies at the heart of every being, and is often obscured by ignorance, ego, and other negative tendencies. The concept of Buddha-nature is central to Mahayana and Vajrayana Buddhism, where it is seen as the ultimate goal of the spiritual path. Practitioners strive to realize and actualize their Buddha-nature through the cultivation of wisdom, compassion, and meditation.

Buddhahood refers to the state of complete enlightenment and awakening, which is the ultimate goal of the Buddhist path. It is the state of perfect wisdom, compassion, and freedom from suffering, which is achieved through the realization of the true nature of reality. Buddhahood is considered the highest state of spiritual attainment, and is often depicted in art and literature as a state of great joy, peace, and liberation. The attainment of Buddhahood is the ultimate aim of Tibetan Buddhist practice, and is considered the culmination of the spiritual journey.